Resources
Free Indian Polity and Constitution Study Material
Explore free Indian Polity and Constitution study material for UPSC and State PCS preparation. Browse NCERT books, the Constitution Bare Act, official reports, useful websites and previous-year question papers.
1. Mantra IAS Notes — PDF Downloads
Topic-wise notes and revision PDFs will be listed here.
Indian Polity & Constitution — Chapters
- Historical Background — PDF link to add
- Making of the Constitution — PDF link to add
- Preamble — PDF link to add
- Fundamental Rights — PDF link to add
- Directive Principles of State Policy — PDF link to add
- President of India — PDF link to add
- Parliament of India — PDF link to add
- Supreme Court of India — PDF link to add
2. Constitution of India — Bare Act (English & Hindi)
Download the Complete Constitution of India — Official Government Editions
- English only: Official English edition — View / Download
- English + Hindi (Diglot): 2024 bilingual Constitution — Download PDF
- Hindi only: Official Constitution collection — select Hindi edition (direct Hindi-only PDF not yet verified)
Source: Legislative Department, Ministry of Law and Justice, Government of India.
Constitution of India — Regional Language Editions
- Browse official regional-language Constitution editions (Government of India) — choose your language and available PDF.
- Marathi edition
- English–Marathi bilingual edition
Preamble first, followed by each Part of the Constitution. There is separate English and Hindi PDF links for download.
- Preamble — English PDF | Hindi PDF (links to add)
- Part I — The Union and Its Territory — English PDF | Hindi PDF (links to add)
- Part II — Citizenship — English PDF | Hindi PDF (links to add)
- Part III — Fundamental Rights — English PDF | Hindi PDF (links to add)
- Part IV — Directive Principles of State Policy — English PDF | Hindi PDF (links to add)
- Part IVA — Fundamental Duties — English PDF | Hindi PDF (links to add)
- Part V — The Union — English PDF | Hindi PDF (links to add)
- Part VI — The States — English PDF | Hindi PDF (links to add)
- Part VII — Repealed (no current Part VII PDF)
- Part VIII — The Union Territories — English PDF | Hindi PDF (links to add)
- Part IX — The Panchayats — English PDF | Hindi PDF (links to add)
- Part IXA — The Municipalities — English PDF | Hindi PDF (links to add)
- Part IXB — The Co-operative Societies — English PDF | Hindi PDF (links to add)
- Part X — The Scheduled and Tribal Areas — English PDF | Hindi PDF (links to add)
- Part XI — Relations Between the Union and the States — English PDF | Hindi PDF (links to add)
- Part XII — Finance, Property, Contracts and Suits — English PDF | Hindi PDF (links to add)
- Part XIII — Trade, Commerce and Intercourse Within the Territory of India — English PDF | Hindi PDF (links to add)
- Part XIV — Services Under the Union and the States — English PDF | Hindi PDF (links to add)
- Part XIVA — Tribunals — English PDF | Hindi PDF (links to add)
- Part XV — Elections — English PDF | Hindi PDF (links to add)
- Part XVI — Special Provisions Relating to Certain Classes — English PDF | Hindi PDF (links to add)
- Part XVII — Official Language — English PDF | Hindi PDF (links to add)
- Part XVIII — Emergency Provisions — English PDF | Hindi PDF (links to add)
- Part XIX — Miscellaneous — English PDF | Hindi PDF (links to add)
- Part XX — Amendment of the Constitution — English PDF | Hindi PDF (links to add)
- Part XXI — Temporary, Transitional and Special Provisions — English PDF | Hindi PDF (links to add)
- Part XXII — Short Title, Commencement, Authoritative Text in Hindi and Repeals — English PDF | Hindi PDF (links to add)
3. NCERT Books — Class 6 to 12
Free download of PDF of every book under its class and subject; each title can have separate English and Hindi PDF download links.
Official NCERT Website: National Council of Educational Research and Training (NCERT) | NCERT Textbooks PDF (Classes 1–12)
- Class 6: Social and Political Life – I — सामाजिक एवं राजनीतिक जीवन – 1 | English PDF (choose book) | हिन्दी PDF (पुस्तक चुनें)
- Class 7: Social and Political Life – II — सामाजिक एवं राजनीतिक जीवन – 2 | English PDF (choose book) | हिन्दी PDF (पुस्तक चुनें)
- Class 8: Social and Political Life – III — सामाजिक एवं राजनीतिक जीवन – 3 | English PDF (choose book) | हिन्दी PDF (पुस्तक चुनें)
- Class 9: Democratic Politics – I — लोकतांत्रिक राजनीति – 1 | English PDF (choose book) | हिन्दी PDF (पुस्तक चुनें)
- Class 10: Democratic Politics – II — लोकतांत्रिक राजनीति – 2 | English PDF (choose book) | हिन्दी PDF (पुस्तक चुनें)
- Class 11: Indian Constitution at Work — भारत का संविधान: सिद्धांत और व्यवहार | English PDF (choose book) | हिन्दी PDF (पुस्तक चुनें)
- Class 11: Political Theory — राजनीतिक सिद्धांत | English PDF (choose book) | हिन्दी PDF (पुस्तक चुनें)
- Class 12: Contemporary World Politics — समकालीन विश्व राजनीति | English PDF (choose book) | हिन्दी PDF (पुस्तक चुनें)
- Class 12: Politics in India Since Independence — स्वतंत्र भारत में राजनीति | English PDF (choose book) | हिन्दी PDF (पुस्तक चुनें)
Select the class, subject, book title and language on the official NCERT textbook download page. The English and Hindi links currently open the official NCERT textbook selector, not individual PDF files. Classes 6–8 titles refer to the older Social and Political Life series; NCERT has introduced revised Social Science textbooks.
4. Important Website Links — Chapter-wise
Official website links organized according to M. Laxmikanth, Indian Polity, 8th Edition (13 Parts, 95 Chapters). Verified links will be added chapter-wise.
Part 1: Constitutional Framework
- Chapter 1: Historical Background — NCERT — Indian Constitution at Work (chapter downloads) ↗
- Chapter 2: Making of the Constitution — NCERT — Constitution: Why and How? (textbook chapter) ↗ | Parliament Digital Library — historical records ↗
- Chapter 3: Concept of Constitution — NCERT — Constitution: Why and How? (textbook chapter) ↗
- Chapter 4: Salient Features of the Constitution — NCERT — Indian Constitution at Work (chapter downloads) ↗
- Chapter 5: Preamble of the Constitution — NCERT — Philosophy of the Constitution (textbook chapter) ↗
- Chapter 6: Union and its Territory — NCERT — Federalism (textbook chapter) ↗
- Chapter 7: Citizenship — Ministry of Home Affairs — Citizenship guidance ↗
- Chapter 8: Fundamental Rights — NIOS — Fundamental Rights (explanatory lesson and PDF) ↗ | NCERT — Rights in the Indian Constitution (textbook chapter) ↗
- Chapter 9: Directive Principles of State Policy — NCERT — Constitution as a Living Document and related chapters ↗
- Chapter 10: Fundamental Duties — PIB — Fundamental Duties and Constitution Day ↗
- Chapter 11: Amendment of the Constitution — NCERT — Constitution as a Living Document (textbook chapter) ↗
- Chapter 12: Basic Structure of the Constitution — NCERT — Constitution as a Living Document (textbook chapter) ↗
Part 2: System of Government
- Chapter 13: Parliamentary System — Digital Sansad — How India’s parliamentary system works ↗ | The Indian Parliament — explanatory PDF ↗
- Chapter 14: Federal System — Digital Sansad — Federal structure and parliamentary system ↗ | Constitution of India — official PDF ↗
- Chapter 15: Centre–State Relations — Ministry of Home Affairs — Centre-State relations ↗ | Commission on Centre-State Relations — Report PDF ↗
- Chapter 16: Inter-State Relations — Ministry of Home Affairs — Zonal Councils explained ↗ | Ministry of Home Affairs — Inter-State and Centre-State matters ↗
- Chapter 17: Emergency Provisions — Constitution of India — Emergency Provisions, Part XVIII (PDF) ↗ | Ministry of Home Affairs — President’s Rule / Article 356 ↗
Part 3: Central Government
- Chapter 18: President — President of India ↗
- Chapter 19: Vice-President — Vice President of India ↗
- Chapter 20: Prime Minister — Prime Minister of India ↗
- Chapter 21: Central Council of Ministers — Prime Minister of India ↗
- Chapter 22: Cabinet Committees — Official website links to add
- Chapter 23: Parliament — Digital Sansad ↗
- Chapter 24: Parliamentary Committees — Digital Sansad ↗
- Chapter 25: Parliamentary Group — Digital Sansad ↗
- Chapter 26: Supreme Court — Supreme Court of India ↗
- Chapter 27: Judicial Review — Supreme Court of India ↗
- Chapter 28: Judicial Activism — Supreme Court of India ↗
- Chapter 29: Public Interest Litigation — Supreme Court of India ↗
Part 4: State Government
- Chapter 30: Governor — Uttar Pradesh — Governor ↗ | Tamil Nadu — Governor ↗ | Jammu & Kashmir — Lieutenant Governor (UT) ↗ | Gujarat — Governor ↗
- Chapter 31: Chief Minister — Kerala — Chief Minister ↗ | Uttar Pradesh — Government / Chief Minister ↗ | Gujarat — Chief Minister’s Office ↗
- Chapter 32: State Council of Ministers — Kerala — Council of Ministers ↗ | Karnataka — Council of Ministers ↗ | Uttar Pradesh — Cabinet Decisions ↗
- Chapter 33: State Legislature — Gujarat Legislative Assembly ↗ | Karnataka Legislature ↗ | Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly ↗
- Chapter 34: High Court — Allahabad High Court — Uttar Pradesh ↗ | Jammu & Kashmir and Ladakh High Court ↗ | Gujarat High Court ↗ | All High Courts — eCourts Directory ↗
- Chapter 35: Subordinate Courts — District Courts — eCourts ↗
- Chapter 36: Tribunals — Central Administrative Tribunal ↗
- Chapter 37: Consumer Commissions — National Consumer Disputes Redressal Commission ↗
- Chapter 38: Lok Adalats and Other Courts — National Legal Services Authority — Lok Adalats ↗
Part 5: Local Government
- Chapter 39: Panchayati Raj — Ministry of Panchayati Raj ↗
- Chapter 40: Municipalities — Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs ↗
Part 6: Union Territories and Special Areas
- Chapter 41: Union Territories — Ministry of Home Affairs — Union Territories ↗
- Chapter 42: Scheduled and Tribal Areas — Ministry of Tribal Affairs — Scheduled Areas ↗
Part 7: Constitutional Bodies
- Chapter 43: Election Commission — Election Commission of India ↗
- Chapter 44: Union Public Service Commission — Union Public Service Commission ↗
- Chapter 45: State Public Service Commission — Official website links to add
- Chapter 46: Finance Commission — Finance Commission of India ↗
- Chapter 47: Goods and Services Tax Council — GST Council ↗
- Chapter 48: National Commission for SCs — National Commission for Scheduled Castes ↗
- Chapter 49: National Commission for STs — National Commission for Scheduled Tribes ↗
- Chapter 50: National Commission for BCs — National Commission for Backward Classes ↗
- Chapter 51: Special Officer for Linguistic Minorities — Official website links to add
- Chapter 52: Comptroller and Auditor General of India — Comptroller and Auditor General ↗
- Chapter 53: Attorney General of India — Department of Legal Affairs ↗
- Chapter 54: Advocate General of the State — Official website links to add
- Chapter 55: Constitutional Prescriptions — Official website links to add
Part 8: Non-Constitutional Bodies
- Chapter 56: NITI Aayog — NITI Aayog ↗
- Chapter 57: National Human Rights Commission — National Human Rights Commission ↗
- Chapter 58: State Human Rights Commission — Official website links to add
- Chapter 59: National Commission for Women — National Commission for Women ↗
- Chapter 60: National Commission for Protection of Child Rights — National Commission for Protection of Child Rights ↗
- Chapter 61: National Commission for Minorities — National Commission for Minorities ↗
- Chapter 62: Central Information Commission — Central Information Commission ↗
- Chapter 63: State Information Commission — Official website links to add
- Chapter 64: Central Vigilance Commission — Central Vigilance Commission ↗
- Chapter 65: Central Bureau of Investigation — Central Bureau of Investigation — Official Website ↗
- Chapter 66: Lokpal and Lokayuktas — Lokpal of India ↗
- Chapter 67: National Investigation Agency — National Investigation Agency ↗
- Chapter 68: National Disaster Management Authority — National Disaster Management Authority ↗
- Chapter 69: Bar Council of India — Bar Council of India ↗
- Chapter 70: Law Commission of India — Law Commission of India ↗
- Chapter 71: Delimitation Commission of India — Official website links to add
- Chapter 72: North Eastern Council — North Eastern Council ↗
Part 9: Other Constitutional Dimensions
- Chapter 73: Co-operative Societies — Official website links to add
- Chapter 74: Official Language — Official website links to add
- Chapter 75: Public Services — Official website links to add
- Chapter 76: Rights and Liabilities of the Government — Official website links to add
- Chapter 77: Special Provisions Relating to Certain Classes — Official website links to add
- Chapter 78: Special Provisions for Some States — Official website links to add
Part 10: Political Dynamics
- Chapter 79: Political Parties — Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) ↗ | Indian National Congress (INC) ↗ | Aam Aadmi Party (AAP) ↗ | Communist Party of India (Marxist) — CPI(M) ↗ | National People’s Party (NPP) ↗ | Election Commission — Political Parties Directory ↗
- Chapter 80: Role of Regional Parties — DMK — Tamil Nadu ↗ | AIADMK — Tamil Nadu ↗ | Samajwadi Party — Uttar Pradesh ↗ | YSR Congress Party — Andhra Pradesh ↗ | Election Commission — State Parties and Symbols ↗
- Chapter 81: Elections — Election Commission of India ↗
- Chapter 82: Election Laws — Election Laws — Election Commission ↗
- Chapter 83: Electoral Reforms — Election Commission of India ↗
- Chapter 84: Voting Behaviour — Election Commission of India ↗
- Chapter 85: Coalition Government — Official website links to add
- Chapter 86: Anti-Defection Law — Election Laws — Election Commission ↗
- Chapter 87: Pressure Groups — Industry: Confederation of Indian Industry (CII) ↗ | Industry: Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce & Industry (FICCI) ↗ | Farmers: Bharatiya Kisan Union (BKU) ↗ | Labour: All India Trade Union Congress (AITUC) — Indian Labour Archives ↗ | Women / Informal Workers: Self-Employed Women’s Association (SEWA) ↗ | Environment: Centre for Science and Environment (CSE) ↗
- Chapter 88: National Integration — Official website links to add
- Chapter 89: Foreign Policy — Official website links to add
Part 11: Working of the Constitution
- Chapter 90: National Commission to Review the Working of the Constitution — NCRWC Report, Volume II (Government of India PDF) | Department of Legal Affairs — Official Website
Part 12: Judgements & Doctrines
- Chapter 91: Landmark Judgements and their Impact — Supreme Court of India ↗
- Chapter 92: Judgements Expanding the Scope of Article 21 — Supreme Court of India ↗
- Chapter 93: Judgements Relating to the Amendments — Supreme Court of India ↗
- Chapter 94: Important Doctrines of Constitutional Interpretation — Supreme Court of India ↗
Part 13: Comparison of the Constitutions
- Chapter 95: World Constitutions — Official website links to add
5. UPSC Exams — Question Papers
Examination-wise question papers, organized by year. PDF download links will be added when verified documents are available.
Official UPSC Website: Union Public Service Commission (UPSC) — upsc.gov.in
- Civil Service Exam ( IAS, IFS, IPS, IRS ) — Year-wise GS Question Paper PDFs (links to add)
- Civil Service Exam ( IFoS) — Year-wise GS Question Paper PDFs (links to add)
- Central Armed Police Forces (CAPF) — Year-wise GS Question Paper PDFs (links to add)
- Employees Provident Fund Organisation (EPFO) — Year-wise GS Question Paper PDFs (links to add)
- Combined Defence Services (CDS) — Year-wise GS Question Paper PDFs (links to add)
- National Defence Academy (NDA) — Year-wise GS Question Paper PDFs (links to add)
Years shown are a starter list (2016–2025); add other years or paper types when available.
6. State PCS Exams — Question Papers (29 Entries)
State PCS question papers organized by examination and year. To download GS question paper PDF click on the official website under each examination.
- Andhra Pradesh (APPSC) — Official PSC Website | Year-wise GS Question Paper PDFs
- Arunachal Pradesh (APPSC) — Official PSC Website | Year-wise GS Question Paper PDFs
- Assam (APSC) — Official PSC Website | Year-wise GS Question Paper PDFs
- Bihar (BPSC) — Official PSC Website | Year-wise GS Question Paper PDFs
- Chhattisgarh (CGPSC) — Official PSC Website | Year-wise GS Question Paper PDFs
- Goa (GPSC) — Official PSC Website | Year-wise GS Question Paper PDFs
- Gujarat (GPSC) — Official PSC Website | Year-wise GS Question Paper PDFs
- Haryana (HPSC) — Official PSC Website | Year-wise GS Question Paper PDFs
- Himachal Pradesh (HPPSC) — Official PSC Website | Year-wise GS Question Paper PDFs
- J&K (JKPSC) — Official PSC Website | Year-wise GS Question Paper PDFs
- Jharkhand (JPSC) — Official PSC Website | Year-wise GS Question Paper PDFs
- Karnataka (KPSC) — Official PSC Website | Year-wise GS Question Paper PDFs
- Kerala (KPSC) — Official PSC Website | Year-wise GS Question Paper PDFs
- Madhya Pradesh (MPPSC) — Official PSC Website | Year-wise GS Question Paper PDFs
- Maharashtra (MPSC) — Official PSC Website | Year-wise GS Question Paper PDFs
- Manipur (MPSC) — Official PSC Website | Year-wise GS Question Paper PDFs
- Meghalaya (MPSC) — Official PSC Website | Year-wise GS Question Paper PDFs
- Mizoram (MPSC) — Official PSC Website | Year-wise GS Question Paper PDFs
- Nagaland (NPSC) — Official PSC Website | Year-wise GS Question Paper PDFs
- Odisha (OPSC) — Official PSC Website | Year-wise GS Question Paper PDFs
- Punjab (PPSC) — Official PSC Website | Year-wise GS Question Paper PDFs
- Rajasthan (RPSC) — Official PSC Website | Year-wise GS Question Paper PDFs
- Sikkim (SPSC) — Official PSC Website | Year-wise GS Question Paper PDFs
- Tamil Nadu (TNPSC) — Official PSC Website | Year-wise GS Question Paper PDFs
- Telangana (TGPSC/TSPSC) — Official PSC Website | Year-wise GS Question Paper PDFs
- Tripura (TPSC) — Official PSC Website | Year-wise GS Question Paper PDFs
- Uttar Pradesh (UPPSC) — Official PSC Website | Year-wise GS Question Paper PDFs
- Uttarakhand (UKPSC) — Official PSC Website | Year-wise GS Question Paper PDFs
- West Bengal (WBPSC) — Official PSC Website | Year-wise GS Question Paper PDFs
7. Second ARC Reports — PDF Downloads
Second Administrative Reforms Commission — 15 reports.
Official DARPG website | Official ARC reports collection.
- Report 1: Right to Information: Master Key to Good Governance — Download official PDF
- Report 2: Unlocking Human Capital: Entitlements and Governance — A Case Study — Direct official PDF link pending verification
- Report 3: Crisis Management: From Despair to Hope — Direct official PDF link pending verification
- Report 4: Ethics in Governance — Direct official PDF link pending verification
- Report 5: Public Order: Justice for All, Peace for All — Download official PDF
- Report 6: Local Governance — Direct official PDF link pending verification
- Report 7: Capacity Building for Conflict Resolution — Direct official PDF link pending verification
- Report 8: Combating Terrorism — Direct official PDF link pending verification
- Report 9: Social Capital: A Shared Destiny — Direct official PDF link pending verification
- Report 10: Refurbishing of Personnel Administration — Direct official PDF link pending verification
- Report 11: Promoting e-Governance: The Smart Way Forward — Direct official PDF link pending verification
- Report 12: Citizen Centric Administration — Direct official PDF link pending verification
- Report 13: Organisational Structure of Government of India — Direct official PDF link pending verification
- Report 14: Strengthening Financial Management Systems — Direct official PDF link pending verification
- Report 15: State and District Administration — Download official PDF
Welcome to the Mantra IAS Free Study Resources Library, designed for aspirants preparing for UPSC Civil Services, State Public Service Commission (PCS) examinations and other competitive exams.
Explore Mantra IAS Indian Polity Notes, the Constitution of India Bare Act in English and Hindi, NCERT books for Classes 6–12, UPSC previous year question papers, State PCS General Studies papers, and Second Administrative Reforms Commission (ARC) reports.
You can also find official government and constitutional websites organized chapter-wise. Open the sections below to browse the collections and use the download links as PDFs become available.
- More Info on Course and Admission process
- More contact details
- Latest Polity related content and PYQ


